Bushi Influence On Japanese Culture

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Bushi Influence On Japanese Culture



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How Chinese \u0026 Japanese Cultures Influenced Each Other Through History

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As servants of the daimyos, or great lords, the samurai backed up the authority of the shogun and gave him power over the mikado emperor. The samurai would dominate Japanese government and society until the Meiji Restoration of led to the abolition of the feudal system. Despite being deprived of their traditional privileges, many of the samurai would enter the elite ranks of politics and industry in modern Japan. During the Heian Period , the samurai were the armed supporters of wealthy landowners—many of whom left the imperial court to seek their own fortunes after being shut out of power by the powerful Fujiwara clan. Beginning in the midth century, real political power in Japan shifted gradually away from the emperor and his nobles in Kyoto to the heads of the clans on their large estates in the country.

The Gempei War pitted two of these great clans—the dominant Taira and the Minamoto—against each other in a struggle for control of the Japanese state. The war ended when one of the most famous samurai heroes in Japanese history, Minamoto Yoshitsune, led his clan to victory against the Taira near the village of Dan-no-ura. The triumphant leader Minamoto Yoritomo—half-brother of Yoshitsune, whom he drove into exile—established the center of government at Kamakura. The establishment of the Kamakura Shogunate, a hereditary military dictatorship, shifted all real political power in Japan to the samurai. Zen Buddhism , introduced into Japan from China around this time, held a great appeal for many samurai.

Also during the Kamakura period, the sword came to have a great significance in samurai culture. The strain of defeating two Mongol invasions at the end of the 13th century weakened the Kamakura Shogunate, which fell to a rebellion led by Ashikaga Takauji. The Ashikaga Shogunate, centered in Kyoto, began around For the next two centuries, Japan was in a near-constant state of conflict between its feuding territorial clans. After the particularly divisive Onin War of , the Ashikaga shoguns ceased to be effective, and feudal Japan lacked a strong central authority; local lords and their samurai stepped in to a greater extent to maintain law and order. Despite the political unrest, this period—known as the Muromachi after the district of that name in Kyoto—saw considerable economic expansion in Japan.

It was also a golden age for Japanese art, as the samurai culture came under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism. In addition to such now-famous Japanese art forms as the tea ceremony, rock gardens and flower arranging, theater and painting also flourished during the Muromachi period. This period ushered in a year-long stretch of peace and prosperity in Japan, and for the first time the samurai took on the responsibility of governing through civil means rather than through military force. This relatively conservative faith, with its emphasis on loyalty and duty, eclipsed Buddhism during the Tokugawa period as the dominant religion of the samurai. It was during this period that the principles of bushido emerged as a general code of conduct for Japanese people in general.

Though bushido varied under the influences of Buddhist and Confucian thought, its warrior spirit remained constant, including an emphasis on military skills and fearlessness in the face of an enemy. In a peaceful Japan, many samurai were forced to become bureaucrats or take up some type of trade, even as they preserved their conception of themselves as fighting men. In , the right to carry swords was restricted only to samurai, which created an even greater separation between them and the farmer-peasant class.

The material well-being of many samurai actually declined during the Tokugawa Shogunate, however. Samurai had traditionally made their living on a fixed stipend from landowners; as these stipends declined, many lower-level samurai were frustrated by their inability to improve their situation. In the midth century, the stability of the Tokugawa regime was undermined by a combination of factors, including peasant unrest due to famine and poverty. The incursion of Western powers into Japan—and especially the arrival in of Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U. Navy, on a mission to get Japan to open its doors to international trade—proved to be the final straw.

The controversial decision to open the country to Western commerce and investment helped encourage resistance to the shogunate among conservative forces in Japan, including many samurai, who began calling for a restoration of the power of the emperor. Feudalism was officially abolished in ; five years later, the wearing of swords was forbidden to anyone except members of the national armed forces, and all samurai stipends were converted into government bonds, often at significant financial loss. The new Japanese national army quashed several samurai rebellions during the s, while some disgruntled samurai joined secret, ultra-nationalist societies, among them the notorious Black Dragon Society, whose object was to incite trouble in China so that the Japanese army would have an excuse to invade and preserve order.

Ironically—given the loss of their privileged status—the Meiji Restoration was actually engineered by members of the samurai class itself. Such as, the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the war hysteria caused from the Japanese. The president declaring war on Japan had a huge part into internment too. During world war 2 between , and , people with Japanese ancestry were forced relocation into the Western interior of the United States.

They stayed there from to due to executive order For many years India struggled greatly for their independence. The three major events in the Indian fight against British rule were: the Golden Temple Massacre, the Salt March, and the homespun movement. During the Temple Massacre British and Gurkha troops killed at least unarmed Indians meeting at the Jallianwala Bagh, to discuss nonviolent resistance and protest. However, the British had passed a law that said they were forbidden from encouraging and having meetings about nonviolent protests. The Salt March, which took place in India, was an act of civil disobedience. Being a warrior in feudal Japan was more than just a job.

It was a way of life. The collapse of aristocratic rule ushered in a new age of chaos — appropriately called the Warring States period c. If commanded, true bushi were expected to give their lives without hesitation. Alexander became king of Corinthian League by eliminating his enemies. He inherited one of the largest empires by battling and over taking other kingdoms. He used his honorable position to launch a project his father had previously planned.

The Man In The High Castle takes a different approach, showing rebels fighting the new ruling government Nazi Germany as well as The Empire Of Japan as well as some people who forcefully put into challenging positions trying to decide between their past lives or one that could bring the United States back to its former glory. Both of these books show the government of the United States of America being taken over by new governments and follow the lives of people before and after the new ruling governments while also showing what they will do to fight or simply conform to the new standards of living given by the new societies.

In the ninth month, the governor of Kuaji the southern part of Chu and the south eastern part of the Qin Empire , announced to Xiang Liang, that all west regions of the Yangtze is in revolt. Xiang Liang then framed the governor and ordered Xiang Yu to kill him. In this manner, Buddhism, Christianity and different religious and cultural gatherings were disenfranchised and even mistreated with an end goal to purge Japan from their persuasions Christensen, p Inside this mentality, it was resolved that Shinto was the most truly Japanese type of religion and culture, and that it was principal to Japanese character at the national level.

Shinto turned into the state religion, and was utilized to advance a particular belief system of Japanese prevalence. Japanese nationalism preceded into the 's and 's the place it finished in World War II. State Shinto was disbanded after Allied forces won the war, overcoming Japan, and the Americans involved Japan. His plan involved full government control over all businesses and resources to make sure there would be fair and equal distribution. Anyone who had opposed the reformation in place was either exiled, imprisoned or executed. Forcing collectivization eventually caused a crisis of widespread famine that was responsible for the death of millions. He was the focal point of most artwork, as well as literature, music, eventually he was incorporated into the Soviet national anthem.

The establishment began by the relocation order, also known as Executive Order All of the American citizens of Japanese descent were relocated in a short period of time and endured the conditions of the war camps. An intern based army on the Allied side and two major court cases made the US reconsidered the Executive Order and shut down the internment camps. Forty years later, the Civil Liberties Act was issued preventing something like this from ever happening again. The country will forever be changed because of Executive Order Thousands of lives were uprooted and forever changed because of the fear that was gripping the country.

American citizens were treated like prisoners because of their Japanese background.

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